What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?

The first ten amendments to the Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights. This collection of amendments was ratified in 1791 and serves to protect individual liberties and rights against infringement by the federal government. The Bill of Rights includes fundamental freedoms such as freedom of speech, religion, and the press, as well as rights related to criminal proceedings, including the right to bear arms and protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Other choices do not represent this collection of amendments. The Preamble serves as an introduction to the Constitution, outlining the purposes and guiding principles of the document. The Declaration of Independence is a separate historical document that proclaimed the colonies' independence from British rule in 1776, and the Articles of Confederation were the first governing document for the United States before the Constitution was established. Each of these plays a distinct role in American history and governance, but only the Bill of Rights pertains specifically to the first ten amendments to the Constitution.